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It’s not possible for all of us to search and read all health related latest news happening all round the world. But there are of course there are certain significant updates in the medical field that you won’t like to miss also. So this is what you are looking for. A single article of minimum length which takes only few minutes to read out, but still covers most of the recent import medical updates and latest health related news. Here is some interesting medical news taking the pick of headlines these days which goes like this.
Unlike previous speculations and research reports a recent study reflects the actual fact may be like this – Mobile use doesn’t alter kid’s cancer risk. The study was conducted upon people in the age group of 7 to 19 yrs and was published in the Journal of National Cancer Institute. It is indeed accepted that children are more vulnerable to health issues from the electromagnetic radiations from the cell phones. Brain being underdeveloped, the radiations do affects easily upon this organ and nervous problems develop very easily. But when it comes to the matter of brain tumors, it is seen that they were no more regular users of mobile phones than the control group who don’t get the disease. The study is not complete and confirmatory, as it needs bigger study group observed for broader period of time. But till then it is an accepted result we must know.
Tetanus is an extremely life threatening infectious disease caused by bacteria, clostridium tetani manifesting with severe muscle spasm and rigidity. It can be extremely fatal if not treated properly.
Clostridium tetani is gram positive motile anaerobic spore bearing bacillus.
The organism enters the body through open wound and produces a powerful neurotoxin which moves in the blood circulation and carried to various organs and nerve endings. The toxin has special affinity for the nervous tissue; it reaches the central nervous system along the axons of motor nerve trunk and gets fixed to the motor cells of anterior horn cells.
Common routes of entry are wounds following road traffic accident, injuries by rusted nails, injections, tattooing, surgicaloperation, septicabortion; contaminated instruments use to cut the umbilical cord in newborn.
Amebiasis is an infection caused by common protozoa named Entamoeba histolytica.It causes both intestinal and extra intestinal manifestations. It is common all over the world and is found more in the regions of poor socio-economic status, poor personal hygiene and inadequate sanitation. There are no sexual predications and more common in young age.
Transmission –
Infection is mainly transmitted through the contamination of food or water with fecal matter containing the cysts of the protozoa either directly or indirectly through flies, cockroaches.
Clinical features –
· Intestinal infection may remain asymptomatic. Incubation period may vary from weeks to months. When symptomatic the amoebic infection presents with blood and mucous in stool, accompanying with abdominal cramps, low grade fever, abdominal bloating. Some patients also complain of abdominal pain, nausea along with intermittent diarrhea and constipation.
· Amebic infection spread via blood and localize in liver causing amebic liver abscess. Patient complains of high fever with chill and rigor, abdominal pain, enlargement of liver along with diarrhea, dysentery and weight loss. Sometimes this abscess may rupture and infect the lungs.
Rickets is a systemic disease of infancy due to defect in the mineralization of the growing end of long bones. The cause is due to the defect in the metabolism of calcium, phosphorus and vitaminD metabolism.
Sources of vitamin D-
Fish, liver, oils, egg yolk and butter. Milk provides less amount of vitamin D
Recommended daily allowance of vitamin D-
Infant -5.0micro gram, children-10micro gram per day.
Causes –
· Major cause is due to inadequate intake of vitamin D in diet.
· Due to defective absorption of vitamin from the gastrointestinal tract due to certain GI disease.
· Similarly due to defective absorption of calcium and phosphorus.
· Acquired or inherited kidney disorders can result in rickets and osteomalasia.
· Chronic renal failure – renal osteodystrophy.
Clinical features of rickets are unusual below the age of 3 months. It usually manifest in the latter half of first year or second year.
Alopecia is defined as loss of hair from the scalp. A normal human being has one million hair follicles in the body, out of which 10% are on the scalp. A hair normally grows at a rate of 1 cm per month .every human loses about 100 hairs from the scalp every day.
A hair passes through three phages in hair cycle -----
1) Anagen phase – it is the phase of activity and growth.85% of all hair is in growing phase at any one time. This phase may last for 2 to 6 years.
2) Catagen phase – it is a transition phase, last for 3 weeks.
3) Telogen phase – it is a degenerative or resting phase, last for 3 months. 10-15% hairs are in this stage.
Alopecia can be diffuse or patchy, permanent or temporary, scarring or nonscarring.
Scabies is caused by the infestation with Sarcoptes scabiei. It is a contagious disease once infected it spreads among all members of the house hold. Scabies is generally acquired by sleeping with or in the bedding of infested individuals. It is generally associated with poor socioeconomic and unhygienic conditions and close contact. There are no gender predilections.
Transmission –
It is generally transmitted by close physical contact from person to person or from pets to person.
Incubation period- 2 to 4 weeks
Site of infection-
In adults- webs of fingers, wrists, forearm, axilla, umbilical region, thigh, buttock, penis and scrotum in males, nipples and areola in females .Scalp, face, palms and soles are usually not affected.
Infants – Scalp, face, palms and soles are generally involved.
Article by Team Angelesia is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 India License.
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